|
Training
Needs
Training Needs Assessment of the farmers
and rural youths in Jaintia Hills District of Meghalaya was conducted by
the Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Jaintia Hills in collaboration with the
State Department of Agriculture, Meghalaya.
Four villages representing the different
Agro –Ecological Situations under the five Blocks in the district were
identified and based on production potential of the different farming
systems were drawn up for inclusion in the present study. On consultation
with the extension functionaries of the state agricultural departments,
local leaders etc. a list of farmers representing different categories
were prepared for each village. From the individual list of farmers from
selected village, five farmer respondents were randomly selected which
made twenty farmers for the district.
Data collection from randomly selected
respondents was made using retested ‘Structured Schedule’ through personal
interview method. For this purpose, an interview schedule was constructed
for data collection from respondents in the light of the objectives of the
study. The selected respondents were personally interviewed and their
responses were recorded in the schedule. Utmost care was taken to make the
respondents understand about the objectives of the study and clarified
their doubts.
A list of 11 major components/thematic
areas was prepared Viz., Crop production, Plant protection, Soil Health
and fertility management, Afro-forestry, Horticulture, Animal Husbandry,
Fisheries, On farm production of Inputs, Home Science/Women empowerment,
Agri engineering, Capacity Building and Group Dynamics and Vocational
Training for Rural Youth. Under each major component, specific and
relevant training needs items were collected through review of literature,
discussion with state extension functionaries, progressing farmers etc and
incorporated in the interview schedule based on. The schedules were
administered to the indented respondents for data collection. In this
regard, the farmers were requested to give a tick (√) in one of the three
response categories (Viz. Very important, Important and Not Important)
provided against the identified specific items under each major component
based on their perceived needs for providing training to them for further
improvement in their farming system.
The farmer’s responses were collected in
3- point continuum scale such as Very Important (VI), Important (I) and
Not Important (NI) by assigning scores 3,2 and 1 respectively. The results
were calculated as weighted score for each of the thrust area identified
for the training:-
Weighted Score (WS)=
(No. of VI
x 3)+( No. of Ix2)+(No. of Nix1)
Total No. of VI+I+NI
Weighted Scores in the range of 2-3 were
ranked within each discipline and the first five rankings were identified
as the training needs of the farmers of the district.
Table: 1 Weighted Score (1-3 Scale)
and Rank of the training needs of the farmers of Jaintia Hills District of
Meghalaya in the discipline of Crop Production
|
Thematic area |
Jaintia
Hills District, Meghalaya(n=20) |
|
Crop Production |
VI |
I |
NI |
WS |
Rank |
|
Weed Management |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Resource Conservation
Technologies |
6 |
12 |
2 |
2.2 |
3 |
|
Cropping Systems |
7 |
10 |
3 |
2.2 |
3 |
|
Crop Diversification |
12 |
4 |
4 |
2.4 |
1 |
|
Integrated Farming |
8 |
11 |
1 |
2.35 |
2 |
|
Water Management |
6 |
9 |
5 |
2.05 |
6 |
|
Seed Production |
6 |
5 |
9 |
1.8 |
7 |
|
Nursery Management |
8 |
6 |
6 |
2.1 |
4 |
|
Integrated Crop
Management |
7 |
12 |
1 |
2.3 |
2 |
|
Fodder Production |
4 |
4 |
12 |
1.6 |
8 |
|
Production of Organic
Inputs |
7 |
9 |
4 |
2.15 |
4 |
Table: 2 Weighted Score (1-3 Scale) and
Rank of the training needs of the farmers of Jaintia Hills District of
Meghalaya in the discipline of Plant Protection
|
Thematic area |
Jaintia
Hills District, Meghalaya(n=20) |
|
Plant Protection |
VI |
I |
NI |
WS |
Rank |
|
Integrated Pest
Management |
18 |
2 |
0 |
2.9 |
1 |
|
Integrated Disease
Management |
17 |
3 |
0 |
2.85 |
2 |
|
Bio-control of pest
and diseases |
7 |
13 |
0 |
2.35 |
3 |
|
Production of
biocontrol agents and biopesticides |
8 |
11 |
1 |
2.35 |
3 |
Table: 3 Weighted Score (1-3 Scale)
and Rank of the training needs of the farmers of Jaintia Hills District of
Meghalaya in the discipline of Soil Health and Fertility Management
|
Thematic area |
Jaintia
Hills District, Meghalaya(n=20) |
|
Soil Health and
Fertility Management |
VI |
I |
NI |
WS |
Rank |
|
Soil Fertility
Management |
12 |
8 |
0 |
2.6 |
1 |
|
Soil and Water
Conservation |
11 |
7 |
2 |
2.45 |
2 |
|
Integrated Nutrient
Management |
9 |
10 |
1 |
2.4 |
2 |
|
Production and use
of organic inputs |
5 |
12 |
3 |
2.1 |
3 |
|
Management of
problematic soils |
5 |
11 |
4 |
2.05 |
4 |
|
Micro nutrient
deficiency in crops |
5 |
9 |
6 |
1.95 |
6 |
|
Nutrient use
efficiency |
5 |
8 |
7 |
1.9 |
5 |
|
Soil and water
testing |
5 |
9 |
6 |
1.95 |
6 |
Table: 4 Weighted Score (1-3 Scale) and
Rank of the training needs of the farmers of Jaintia Hills District of
Meghalaya in the discipline of Horticulture
|
Thematic area |
Jaintia
Hills District, Meghalaya(n=20) |
|
Horticulture |
VI |
I |
NI |
WS |
Rank |
|
Vegetables Crops |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Production of Low
Volume and High Value Crops |
6 |
8 |
6 |
2 |
4 |
|
Off-season
vegetables |
11 |
8 |
1 |
2.5 |
1 |
|
Nursery Raising |
10 |
10 |
0 |
2.5 |
1 |
|
Exotic vegetables
like Broccoli |
6 |
12 |
2 |
2.2 |
3 |
|
Export potential
vegetables |
6 |
5 |
9 |
1.85 |
5 |
|
Grading and
standardization |
2 |
9 |
9 |
1.65 |
6 |
|
Protective
cultivation(Ex. Green House, shade net) |
10 |
9 |
1 |
2.45 |
2 |
|
Fruits |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Training and
Pruning |
5 |
5 |
10 |
1.75 |
5 |
|
Layout and
management of orchards |
6 |
6 |
8 |
1.9 |
2 |
|
Cultivation of
fruits |
7 |
3 |
10 |
1.85 |
4 |
|
Management of young
plants/orchards |
4 |
8 |
8 |
1.8 |
3 |
|
Rejuvenation of old
orchards |
8 |
7 |
5 |
2.15 |
1 |
|
Export potential
fruits |
3 |
7 |
10 |
1.65 |
6 |
|
Micro irrigation
systems of orchards |
4 |
5 |
11 |
1.65 |
6 |
|
Plant Propagation
Techniques |
5 |
3 |
12 |
1.65 |
6 |
|
Ornamental Plants |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nursery management |
5 |
8 |
7 |
1.9 |
1 |
|
Management of
potted plants |
2 |
7 |
11 |
1.55 |
3 |
|
Export potential of
Ornamental Plants |
5 |
3 |
12 |
1.65 |
2 |
|
Propagation
Techniques of Ornamental Plants |
4 |
2 |
14 |
1.5 |
3 |
|
Plantation Crops |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Production and
Management Technology |
5 |
4 |
11 |
1.7 |
1 |
|
Processing and
Value Addition |
4 |
4 |
12 |
1.6 |
2 |
|
Tuber Crops |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Production and
Management Technology |
4 |
10 |
6 |
1.9 |
1 |
|
Processing and
Value Addition |
4 |
9 |
7 |
1.85 |
2 |
|
Spices |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Production and
Management Technology |
7 |
9 |
4 |
2.15 |
1 |
|
Processing and
Value Addition |
5 |
10 |
5 |
2 |
2 |
|
Medicinal and
Aromatic Plants |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nursery Management |
2 |
1 |
17 |
1.25 |
2 |
|
Production and
Management Technology |
3 |
1 |
16 |
1.35 |
1 |
|
Post Harvest
Technology and Value Addition |
2 |
1 |
17 |
1.25 |
2 |
Table: 5 Weighted Score (1-3 Scale)
and Rank of the training needs of the farmers of Jaintia Hills District of
Meghalaya in the discipline of Livestock Production and Management
|
Thematic area |
Jaintia
Hills District, Meghalaya(n=20) |
|
Livestock production
and management |
VI |
I |
NI |
WS |
Rank |
|
Dairy Management |
7 |
6 |
7 |
2 |
4 |
|
Poultry Management |
7 |
8 |
5 |
2.1 |
2 |
|
Piggery Management |
9 |
3 |
8 |
2.05 |
3 |
|
Rabbit Management |
3 |
4 |
13 |
1.5 |
5 |
|
Disease Management |
16 |
4 |
0 |
2.8 |
1 |
|
Feed Management |
7 |
6 |
7 |
2 |
4 |
|
Production of quality
animal products |
1 |
5 |
14 |
1.35 |
6 |
Table: 6 Weighted Score (1-3 Scale) and
Rank of the training needs of the farmers of Jaintia Hills District of
Meghalaya in the discipline of Home Science/Women Empowerment
|
Thematic area |
Jaintia
Hills District, Meghalaya(n=20) |
|
Home Science/Women
Empowerment |
VI |
I |
NI |
WS |
Rank |
|
Household food
security by kitchen gardening and nutrition |
5 |
11 |
4 |
2.05 |
1 |
|
Gardening |
2 |
5 |
13 |
1.45 |
6 |
|
Design and
development of low/minimum cost diet |
2 |
10 |
8 |
1.7 |
4 |
|
Designing and
development for nutrient efficiency diet |
2 |
8 |
10 |
1.6 |
5 |
|
Minimization of
nutrient loss in processing |
2 |
11 |
7 |
1.75 |
3 |
|
Gender mainstreaming
through SHGs |
2 |
11 |
7 |
1.75 |
3 |
|
Storage loss
minimization techniques |
3 |
8 |
9 |
1.7 |
4 |
|
Value Addition |
2 |
8 |
10 |
1.6 |
5 |
|
Location specific
drudgery reduction technologies |
2 |
4 |
14 |
1.4 |
8 |
|
Income generation
activities for empowerment of rural women |
5 |
5 |
10 |
1.75 |
4 |
|
Rural Crafts |
2 |
6 |
12 |
1.5 |
7 |
|
Women and Child Care |
5 |
8 |
7 |
1.9 |
2 |
Table: 7 Weighted Score (1-3 Scale) and
Rank of the training needs of the farmers of Jaintia Hills District of
Meghalaya in the discipline of Agril. Engineering
|
Thematic area |
Jaintia
Hills District, Meghalaya(n=20) |
|
Agril.
Engineering |
VI |
I |
NI |
WS |
Rank |
|
Installation and
maintenance of micro irrigation systems |
8 |
11 |
1 |
2.35 |
1 |
|
Use of plastics in
farming practices |
3 |
7 |
10 |
1.65 |
4 |
|
Production of small
tools and implements |
5 |
7 |
8 |
1.85 |
2 |
|
Repair and
maintenance of farm machinery and implements |
3 |
10 |
7 |
1.8 |
3 |
|
Small scale
processing and value addition |
2 |
13 |
5 |
1.85 |
2 |
|
Post Harvest
Technology |
3 |
10 |
7 |
1.8 |
3 |
Table: 8 Weighted Score (1-3 Scale) and
Rank of the training needs of the farmers of Jaintia Hills District of
Meghalaya in the discipline of Fisheries.
|
Thematic area |
Jaintia
Hills District, Meghalaya(n=20) |
|
Fisheries |
VI |
I |
NI |
WS |
Rank |
|
Integrated Fish
Farming |
6 |
10 |
4 |
2.1 |
1 |
|
Crab breeding and
hatchery management |
0 |
2 |
18 |
1.1 |
6 |
|
Crab fry and
fingerling rearing |
1 |
1 |
18 |
1.15 |
5 |
|
Composite Fish
Culture |
1 |
4 |
15 |
1.3 |
3 |
|
Hatchery management
and culture of fresh water prawn |
0 |
2 |
18 |
1.1 |
6 |
|
Breeding and culture
of ornamental fishes |
4 |
3 |
13 |
1.55 |
2 |
|
Portable plastic crap
hatchery |
1 |
1 |
18 |
1.15 |
5 |
|
Pen culture of fish
and prawn |
0 |
1 |
19 |
1.05 |
7 |
|
Shrimp farming |
1 |
1 |
18 |
1.15 |
5 |
|
Edible oyster farming |
0 |
2 |
18 |
1.1 |
6 |
|
Pearl culture |
0 |
1 |
19 |
1.05 |
7 |
|
Fish processing and
value addition |
1 |
3 |
16 |
1.25 |
4 |
Table: 9 Weighted Score (1-3 Scale)
and Rank of the training needs of the farmers of Jaintia Hills District of
Meghalaya in the discipline of Production of inputs at site
|
Thematic area |
Jaintia
Hills District, Meghalaya(n=20) |
|
Production of inputs
at site |
VI |
I |
NI |
WS |
Rank |
|
Seed production |
5 |
4 |
11 |
1.7 |
6 |
|
Planting material
production |
4 |
11 |
5 |
1.95 |
5 |
|
Bio-agents production |
3 |
10 |
7 |
1.8 |
7 |
|
Bio-pesticides
production |
8 |
11 |
1 |
2.35 |
2 |
|
Bio-fertilizer
production |
11 |
8 |
1 |
2.5 |
1 |
|
Vermi-compost
production |
5 |
15 |
0 |
2.25 |
3 |
|
Organic manures
production |
4 |
12 |
4 |
2 |
4 |
|
Production of fry and
fingerlings |
2 |
2 |
16 |
1.3 |
11 |
|
Production of
bee-colonies and wax sheets |
1 |
3 |
16 |
1.25 |
12 |
|
Small tools and
implements |
2 |
8 |
10 |
1.6 |
8 |
|
Production of
livestock feed and fodder |
3 |
2 |
15 |
1.4 |
10 |
|
Production of fish
feed |
2 |
5 |
13 |
1.45 |
9 |
Table: 10 Weighted Score (1-3 Scale) and
Rank of the training needs of the farmers of Jaintia Hills District of
Meghalaya in the discipline of Agro-forestry
|
Thematic area |
Jaintia
Hills District, Meghalaya(n=20) |
|
Agro-forestry |
VI |
I |
NI |
WS |
Rank |
|
Production
technologies |
2 |
2 |
16 |
1.3 |
2 |
|
Nursery management |
3 |
1 |
16 |
1.35 |
1 |
|
Integrated Farming
Systems |
3 |
1 |
16 |
1.35 |
1 |
|
Other(Pl.specify) |
|
|
|
|
|
Table: 11 Weighted Score (1-3 Scale) and
Rank of the training needs of the farmers of Jaintia Hills District of
Meghalaya in the discipline of Capacity building and group dynamics
|
Thematic area |
Jaintia
Hills District, Meghalaya(n=20) |
|
Capacity building and
group dynamics |
VI |
I |
NI |
WS |
Rank |
|
Leadership
development |
10 |
7 |
3 |
2.35 |
1 |
|
Group dynamics |
2 |
4 |
14 |
1.4 |
4 |
|
Formation and
management of SHGs |
9 |
9 |
2 |
2.35 |
1 |
|
Mobilization of
social capital |
1 |
7 |
12 |
1.45 |
3 |
|
Enterpreneurial
development of farmers/youth |
7 |
8 |
5 |
2.1 |
2 |
|
WTO
and IRP issues |
2 |
3 |
15 |
1.35 |
5 |
Table: 12 Weighted Score (1-3 Scale)
and Rank of the training needs of the farmers of Jaintia Hills District of
Meghalaya for Rural Youth
|
Thematic area |
Jaintia
Hills District, Meghalaya(n=20) |
|
Rural Youth |
VI |
I |
NI |
WS |
Rank |
|
Mushroom Production |
6 |
10 |
4 |
2.1 |
3 |
|
Bee-keeping |
2 |
8 |
10 |
1.6 |
8 |
|
Integrated Farming |
8 |
11 |
1 |
2.35 |
2 |
|
Production of organic
inputs |
5 |
11 |
4 |
2.05 |
3 |
|
Planting material
production |
3 |
12 |
5 |
1.9 |
4 |
|
Vermiculture |
10 |
9 |
1 |
2.45 |
1 |
|
Sericulture |
3 |
11 |
6 |
1.85 |
5 |
|
Protected cultivation
of vegetables crops |
6 |
10 |
4 |
2.1 |
3 |
|
Commercial fruit
production |
5 |
2 |
13 |
1.6 |
8 |
|
Repair and
maintenance of farm machinery and implements |
4 |
11 |
5 |
1.95 |
4 |
|
Nursery management of
horticultural crops |
3 |
13 |
4 |
1.95 |
3 |
|
Training and pruning
of orchards |
2 |
9 |
9 |
1.65 |
7 |
|
Value addition |
4 |
11 |
5 |
1.95 |
4 |
|
Production of quality
animal products |
1 |
5 |
14 |
1.35 |
10 |
|
Dairying |
4 |
3 |
13 |
1.55 |
9 |
|
Sheep and goat
rearing |
7 |
5 |
12 |
1.79 |
6 |
|
Quail farming |
1 |
5 |
14 |
1.35 |
10 |
|
Piggery |
3 |
12 |
5 |
1.9 |
4 |
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